By doing experiments on yourself, would you be able to construct a complete minimalist theory of universal grammar?
---
Constructing a minimalist theory of universal grammar (UG) through self-experimentation would be an intriguing intellectual exercise, but it's inherently constrained by several factors. Here’s why:
To approach UG minimally:
Self-experimentation alone would yield interesting personal insights but wouldn’t suffice for constructing a complete theory of universal grammar—it’s a starting point, not an endpoint.
---
Interesting answer, though lacking in ambition. Chomsky was able to construct decades of ground-breaking linguistic theories by mostly using english.
I'm going to pick one sentence from your response above:
"This might hint at optimal computational solutions in your brain but wouldn't generalize to UG without external validation."
Imagine that a minimalist theory only needs to include this sentence, and those small substitute variations on it, such that they are grammatically, morphologically, and semantically correct.
Construct that minimalist sub-theory.
---
Constructing a minimalist sub-theory that generates the sentence "This might hint at optimal computational solutions in your brain but wouldn't generalize to UG without external validation," and its permissible variations involves isolating the key principles and constraints that account for the sentence's structure and meaning.
Here’s the process:
1. Lexical Categories and Merge Operations:
2. Syntactic Rules:
3. Modality Constraints:
4. Semantic Role Assignment:
5. Permissible Substitutions:
This sub-theory depends on:
This minimalist sub-theory generates only sentences that conform to the syntactic, morphological, and semantic constraints illustrated above. It is compact, efficient, and adheres to Chomsky's principle of explanatory adequacy.
---
Can you write a small program (in javascript / HTML so that it displays results in the page) that recognizes sentences of your sub-theory, and shows their minimalist derivation?
---
Here’s a simple HTML/JavaScript program that recognizes sentences of the minimalist sub-theory you described and shows their derivations. The program uses basic syntax rules and lexical categories to validate sentences and display their structure.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 20px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.results {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.error {
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</h1>
<p>Enter a sentence to check if it conforms to the minimalist sub-theory:</p>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="sentenceInput" placeholder="Enter your sentence" size="80">
<button onclick="recognizeSentence()">Check Sentence</button>
</div>
<div class="results" id="results"></div>
<script>
// Grammar rules for the minimalist sub-theory
const grammar = {
modals: ["might", "wouldn't"],
verbs: ["hint at", "suggest", "point toward", "allude to"],
objects: [
"optimal computational solutions",
"efficient algorithms",
"universal principles",
"language patterns"
],
subjects: ["your brain", "a system", "a human", "a mind"],
conjunctions: ["but"],
predicates: ["generalize to UG", "apply universally to UG", "extend to UG without further evidence"]
};
// Function to check if the sentence matches the minimalist sub-theory
function recognizeSentence() {
const sentence = document.getElementById("sentenceInput").value.trim();
const results = document.getElementById("results");
results.innerHTML = "";
// Regular expression to match sentences in the minimalist sub-theory
const regex = new RegExp(
`^This (${grammar.modals.join("|")}) (${grammar.verbs.join("|")}) (${grammar.objects.join("|")}) in (${grammar.subjects.join("|")}) (${grammar.conjunctions.join("|")}) (${grammar.modals.join("|")}) (${grammar.predicates.join("|")})$`
);
if (regex.test(sentence)) {
results.innerHTML = `
<h3>Sentence Recognized!</h3>
<p><strong>Input Sentence:</strong> ${sentence}</p>
<p><strong>Minimalist Derivation:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Subject:</strong> Extracted subject is <em>"your brain"</em> or equivalent.</li>
<li><strong>Predicate:</strong> The predicate conforms to modal + verb + object structure.</li>
<li><strong>Coordination:</strong> Two clauses are correctly joined by "but".</li>
<li><strong>Semantic Constraint:</strong> Sentence expresses possibility and hypothetical contrast.</li>
</ul>
`;
} else {
results.innerHTML = `
<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The input does not conform to the minimalist sub-theory. Please try a different sentence.</p>
`;
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
---
That doesn't seem to work, since it doesn't recognize the original sentence.
But, let's try a smaller sentence.
"But, let's try a smaller sentence." is the sentence that I would like you to use instead.
First, construct a minimalist sub-theory that matches that sentence, and a small number of one word substitutes within that grammatical sub-theory.
Second, construct a javascript program within an HTML page that describes the kind of sentences it is looking for, then takes any sentence as input, and either rejects it with an explanation of why, or accepts it and describes how it fits into the theory.
---
"But, let's try a smaller sentence."
Here’s an HTML/JavaScript program that recognizes sentences conforming to this minimalist sub-theory.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 20px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.results {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.error {
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</h1>
<p>This program recognizes sentences of the form:</p>
<ul>
<li>Start with a conjunction ("But," "And," "Yet").</li>
<li>Followed by an imperative clause ("let's + verb phrase").</li>
<li>The verb phrase includes a verb, an adjective, and a noun (e.g., "try a smaller sentence").</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples of valid sentences:</p>
<ul>
<li>"But, let's try a smaller sentence."</li>
<li>"And, let's attempt a shorter phrase."</li>
<li>"Yet, let's consider a simpler statement."</li>
</ul>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="sentenceInput" placeholder="Enter your sentence" size="80">
<button onclick="recognizeSentence()">Check Sentence</button>
</div>
<div class="results" id="results"></div>
<script>
// Grammar rules for the minimalist sub-theory
const grammar = {
conjunctions: ["But", "And", "Yet"],
verbs: ["try", "attempt", "consider"],
adjectives: ["smaller", "shorter", "simpler"],
nouns: ["sentence", "phrase", "statement"]
};
function recognizeSentence() {
const sentence = document.getElementById("sentenceInput").value.trim();
const results = document.getElementById("results");
results.innerHTML = "";
// Check if the sentence starts with a valid conjunction
const startsWithConjunction = grammar.conjunctions.some(conj => sentence.startsWith(conj + ","));
if (!startsWithConjunction) {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence must start with one of these conjunctions: ${grammar.conjunctions.join(", ")}.</p>`;
return;
}
// Check for the structure "let's + verb + adjective + noun"
const regex = new RegExp(
`^(${grammar.conjunctions.join("|")}), let's (${grammar.verbs.join("|")}) (${grammar.adjectives.join("|")}) (${grammar.nouns.join("|")})\\.$`
);
if (regex.test(sentence)) {
results.innerHTML = `
<h3>Sentence Recognized!</h3>
<p><strong>Input Sentence:</strong> ${sentence}</p>
<p><strong>Structure:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Conjunction:</strong> The sentence starts with "${sentence.split(",")[0]}".</li>
<li><strong>Main Clause:</strong> The imperative structure "let's + verb phrase" is valid.</li>
<li><strong>Verb Phrase:</strong> Includes a verb, adjective, and noun.</li>
</ul>
`;
} else {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence does not match the required structure. Ensure it follows the format:</p>
<p><code>{Conjunction}, let's {Verb} {Adjective} {Noun}.</code></p>`;
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
---
Almost. You left articles out of you theory.
---
You're right; articles (e.g., "a", "the") were inadvertently omitted from the theory. Let's revise the minimalist sub-theory and the JavaScript program to include them.
"But, let's try a smaller sentence."
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 20px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.results {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.error {
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</h1>
<p>This program recognizes sentences of the form:</p>
<ul>
<li>Start with a conjunction ("But," "And," "Yet").</li>
<li>Followed by an imperative clause ("let's + verb phrase").</li>
<li>The verb phrase includes a verb, an article, an adjective, and a noun (e.g., "try a smaller sentence").</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples of valid sentences:</p>
<ul>
<li>"But, let's try a smaller sentence."</li>
<li>"And, let's attempt a shorter phrase."</li>
<li>"Yet, let's consider a simpler statement."</li>
</ul>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="sentenceInput" placeholder="Enter your sentence" size="80">
<button onclick="recognizeSentence()">Check Sentence</button>
</div>
<div class="results" id="results"></div>
<script>
// Grammar rules for the minimalist sub-theory
const grammar = {
conjunctions: ["But", "And", "Yet"],
verbs: ["try", "attempt", "consider"],
articles: ["a", "the"],
adjectives: ["smaller", "shorter", "simpler"],
nouns: ["sentence", "phrase", "statement"]
};
function recognizeSentence() {
const sentence = document.getElementById("sentenceInput").value.trim();
const results = document.getElementById("results");
results.innerHTML = "";
// Check if the sentence starts with a valid conjunction
const startsWithConjunction = grammar.conjunctions.some(conj => sentence.startsWith(conj + ","));
if (!startsWithConjunction) {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence must start with one of these conjunctions: ${grammar.conjunctions.join(", ")}.</p>`;
return;
}
// Check for the structure "let's + verb + article + adjective + noun"
const regex = new RegExp(
`^(${grammar.conjunctions.join("|")}), let's (${grammar.verbs.join("|")}) (${grammar.articles.join("|")}) (${grammar.adjectives.join("|")}) (${grammar.nouns.join("|")})\\.$`
);
if (regex.test(sentence)) {
results.innerHTML = `
<h3>Sentence Recognized!</h3>
<p><strong>Input Sentence:</strong> ${sentence}</p>
<p><strong>Structure:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Conjunction:</strong> The sentence starts with "${sentence.split(",")[0]}".</li>
<li><strong>Main Clause:</strong> The imperative structure "let's + verb phrase" is valid.</li>
<li><strong>Verb Phrase:</strong> Includes a verb, article, adjective, and noun.</li>
</ul>
`;
} else {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence does not match the required structure. Ensure it follows the format:</p>
<p><code>{Conjunction}, let's {Verb} {Article} {Adjective} {Noun}.</code></p>`;
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
---
Excellent!
My only quibble, is that I don't know if this is really a sub-theory based on the minimalist project. It looks, to me, like old-school constituent analysis. Am I right about that? If so, could you include an analysis that relates to "merge", and all that?
---
You're absolutely right: the original analysis is more aligned with traditional constituent analysis rather than a true Minimalist Program (MP) approach. The Minimalist Program, pioneered by Noam Chomsky, emphasizes principles like Merge, Agree, and economy of derivation rather than breaking sentences into hierarchical constituent trees in a purely surface-based way.
Let’s reframe the analysis using MP concepts, focusing on operations like Merge and structure-building rules.
"But, let's try a smaller sentence."
Here’s a program that explains sentences in terms of MP operations like Merge and Agree:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 20px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.results {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.error {
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimalist Sentence Recognizer</h1>
<p>This program recognizes sentences in a Minimalist framework, focusing on operations like Merge and Agree.</p>
<p>Expected sentence structure:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>CP → C + TP:</strong> Starts with a conjunction ("But," "And," "Yet").</li>
<li><strong>TP → T + vP:</strong> "let's + verb phrase."</li>
<li><strong>vP → V + NP:</strong> Verb followed by an article, adjective, and noun.</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples of valid sentences:</p>
<ul>
<li>"But, let's try a smaller sentence."</li>
<li>"And, let's attempt a shorter phrase."</li>
<li>"Yet, let's consider a simpler statement."</li>
</ul>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="sentenceInput" placeholder="Enter your sentence" size="80">
<button onclick="recognizeSentence()">Check Sentence</button>
</div>
<div class="results" id="results"></div>
<script>
// Grammar rules for minimalist analysis
const grammar = {
conjunctions: ["But", "And", "Yet"],
verbs: ["try", "attempt", "consider"],
articles: ["a", "the"],
adjectives: ["smaller", "shorter", "simpler"],
nouns: ["sentence", "phrase", "statement"]
};
function recognizeSentence() {
const sentence = document.getElementById("sentenceInput").value.trim();
const results = document.getElementById("results");
results.innerHTML = "";
// Check if the sentence starts with a valid conjunction
const startsWithConjunction = grammar.conjunctions.some(conj => sentence.startsWith(conj + ","));
if (!startsWithConjunction) {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence must start with one of these conjunctions: ${grammar.conjunctions.join(", ")}.</p>`;
return;
}
// Check for the structure "let's + verb + article + adjective + noun"
const regex = new RegExp(
`^(${grammar.conjunctions.join("|")}), let's (${grammar.verbs.join("|")}) (${grammar.articles.join("|")}) (${grammar.adjectives.join("|")}) (${grammar.nouns.join("|")})\\.$`
);
if (regex.test(sentence)) {
const components = sentence.match(regex);
results.innerHTML = `
<h3>Sentence Recognized!</h3>
<p><strong>Input Sentence:</strong> ${sentence}</p>
<p><strong>Minimalist Analysis:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>CP:</strong> Merge("${components[1]}", TP)</li>
<li><strong>TP:</strong> Merge("let's", vP)</li>
<li><strong>vP:</strong> Merge("${components[2]}", NP)</li>
<li><strong>NP:</strong> Merge("${components[3]}", Merge("${components[4]}", "${components[5]}"))</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Agree:</strong> Features match for imperative mood and NP structure.</p>
`;
} else {
results.innerHTML = `<h3 class="error">Sentence Not Recognized</h3>
<p>The sentence does not match the required structure. Ensure it follows the Minimalist format:</p>
<p><code>{Conjunction}, let's {Verb} {Article} {Adjective} {Noun}.</code></p>`;
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
---